怎么鑒別你吉他入門(mén)了沒(méi):你掌握了這幾點(diǎn)說(shuō)明你不再是新手了！

　　到底需要掌握些什么樣的吉他技巧與知識(shí)，你才能算通過(guò)了初級(jí)入門(mén)這一關(guān)。 很多的初學(xué)者，上來(lái)先說(shuō)的是，我是零基礎(chǔ)，不懂樂(lè)器，手太小，沒(méi)有節(jié)奏感……能學(xué)好嗎？其實(shí)，我在這里真心跟朋友們說(shuō)，學(xué)樂(lè)器都是從0起步的。如果你覺(jué)得自己手小，覺(jué)得這算缺陷，那可以上網(wǎng)查一位叫Andres Godoy（斷臂）的吉他手，可能你就會(huì)覺(jué)得自己的手很強(qiáng)大了。沒(méi)有節(jié)奏感，這個(gè)我承認(rèn)有一些人節(jié)奏天賦比較好的，確實(shí)學(xué)起來(lái)相對(duì)較快，但古人云：只要功夫深，鐵杵也能磨成針！所以，只要你肯下功夫去練，去慢慢的培養(yǎng)節(jié)奏感，什么天賦在你的面前都會(huì)變成浮云。

　　通過(guò)上面的一段小講，大家應(yīng)該樹(shù)立起學(xué)習(xí)吉他的信心了吧！ 好，那下面我就開(kāi)始總結(jié)一下初級(jí)入門(mén)吉他手的必備條件：

　　1、吉他的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　對(duì)于一個(gè)學(xué)完初級(jí)的吉他手，首先必須要了解吉他各個(gè)部位的名稱，要知道品絲、琴頸、琴枕、琴橋等這些吉他構(gòu)造上專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。因?yàn)槿�個(gè)老婆回家你必須要知道人家叫什么，家在哪吧！不然你不但對(duì)人家沒(méi)個(gè)交待，對(duì)你自己也不負(fù)責(zé)任。

　　2、左、右手的持琴與彈奏時(shí)手型

　　對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)左、右手的正確按弦與撥弦手型至關(guān)重要。直接會(huì)影響你的練琴效率，而且這種錯(cuò)誤不及時(shí)糾正會(huì)慢慢的變成習(xí)慣，對(duì)以后的提高會(huì)有很大的阻礙和影響。所以建議初學(xué)的朋友們，你一定要在這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)下功夫，時(shí)刻關(guān)注自己左右手的手型是否正確。最好找一個(gè)吉他老師去幫你指導(dǎo)一下。

　　3、打拍子訓(xùn)練

　　有很多童鞋在練琴的過(guò)程當(dāng)中，經(jīng)常忽略了用腳去打拍子，這樣是不對(duì)地。打拍子練琴首先能非常大的提高練琴效率，因?yàn)槟阍谝欢ǖ墓?jié)奏和拍子下練琴，就不會(huì)忽快忽慢，一停一停了。而且在初級(jí)的時(shí)候打著拍子練琴是非常訓(xùn)練一個(gè)人節(jié)奏感的。所以有些童鞋不要說(shuō)你節(jié)奏感不好，你肯定沒(méi)認(rèn)認(rèn)真真的打著拍子去彈琴。

　　4、識(shí)譜

　　在中國(guó)我們有最直觀的吉他六線譜，但是國(guó)外一般都是看五線譜的，所以老外對(duì)音的熟悉度更強(qiáng)一些。不過(guò)因?yàn)槲覀儗W(xué)的是吉他，目前來(lái)說(shuō)就先不去識(shí)五線譜上的音了。但是音符一定要很清楚，包括全音符、二分音符、四分音符、八分音符、十六分音符、附點(diǎn)音符、連線音符。它們?cè)诩�他譜、五線譜和簡(jiǎn)譜的表現(xiàn)形式我們都要知道。 要了解三種拍號(hào)，2/4、3/4、4/4。

　　5、右手的【分解】和【掃弦】

　　“分解”重點(diǎn)是鍛煉右手手指的獨(dú)立性和靈活度，要注意彈每一根弦時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)的手指一定要正確，不要為了方便打亂手指的位置�！皰呦摇敝攸c(diǎn)要注意的是掃弦的節(jié)奏和力度，有很多朋友掃弦的力度從頭至尾都是一樣的，這是不對(duì)的，要有弱拍和強(qiáng)拍的體現(xiàn)，弱拍時(shí)主要掃低音區(qū)，強(qiáng)拍則可以掃到中高音區(qū)，讓你的掃弦聽(tīng)起來(lái)即柔和并且強(qiáng)弱分明，這樣就正確了。

　　6、半音階（爬格子）練習(xí)

　　在吉他上所有相鄰的品都是半音，用他們組成的練習(xí)就叫半音階練習(xí)也叫爬格子。這個(gè)練習(xí)非常鍛煉左右手每根手指的獨(dú)立性與力量。手小的童鞋們，在這里你可能會(huì)遇到些困難，但是只要堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持，這都不叫事兒！

　　練習(xí)半音階時(shí)要注意的幾點(diǎn)： 每根手指一定要靠近右邊的品絲彈奏； 彈奏時(shí)每根手指一定不要張牙舞爪，幅度越小越好； 手掌不能貼到琴頸上，每一根手指的關(guān)節(jié)都要鼓起來(lái)。

　　7、C大調(diào)第一把位音階

　　這時(shí)候你要了解每一個(gè)空弦的空弦音，利用每個(gè)空弦音，從六弦的低音3開(kāi)始彈，一直彈到一弦三品的高音5結(jié)束。這個(gè)就是C大調(diào)第一把位音階的練習(xí)。 主要目的就是讓大家熟悉指板上C調(diào)第一把位各個(gè)音的位置與關(guān)系。

　　8、C大調(diào)的各級(jí)和弦（初級(jí)不用掌握VII級(jí)和弦）

　　C大調(diào)各級(jí)和弦分別時(shí)： I:C ;II:Dm ; III:Em ; IV:F ; V:G ; VI:Am ；這六個(gè)和弦必須掌握，從它們的構(gòu)成音和根音的位置都要在腦中非常的清晰。

　　說(shuō)了這么多，基本上掌握了這8大點(diǎn)，你就已經(jīng)通過(guò)了初級(jí)入門(mén)考核了。不過(guò)這些僅僅是書(shū)面上的東西，不是你看懂就算通過(guò)的，一定要都會(huì)彈而且要知道活學(xué)活用。比如你練會(huì)了第一把位音階，你就要談一些關(guān)于這個(gè)把位的一些單旋律的小練習(xí)。還有左手和弦和右手的分解、掃弦，要把它們結(jié)合起來(lái)去彈一些小歌曲。 這樣慢慢地練習(xí)，只要你肯堅(jiān)持下去，一直愛(ài)它，吉他就一定會(huì)給你它的全部。

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